

The research of mechanical property of the periodic honeycomb structure, containing the homogenized equivalent static properties and wave propagation features of the honeycomb structure, emerged in the early 1980s, by changing the geometric configuration and material parameter to manipulate the mechanical property of the periodic structure. Periodic structures exist everywhere in nature, ranging from cells and carbon nanotubes to super high-rise buildings and super-large bridge structures, all of which reflect periodicity, bring many conveniences, and add infinite beauty. The results also show the potential importance and feasibility of using the hexagonal lattice with Koch snowflake for vibration isolation and control using the hexagonal lattice with Koch snowflake. The directional characteristics of wave propagation in the hexagonal lattice with Koch snowflake can be used to further expand the vibration attenuation range.

As the fractal order increases, multiple band gaps appear and the band structure has self-similarity in the low-frequency range. The results demonstrate that the hexagonal lattice with Koch snowflake for different fractal orders can tune the elastic wave behaviors in a specific way. The vibration experiments are conducted to verify the existence of band gap and vibration suppression performances of the structures, which are used to design the waveguide in the lattices. The dynamic responses of the periodic lattice are investigated via numerical simulation to confirm the directional features. The group velocities at given frequencies are calculated for analyzing the directional characteristics of the wave propagation. The effects of the geometric parameters on band structures are discussed in detail.

The finite element method and Bloch theorem are used to analyze the wave propagation in hexagonal lattice with Koch snowflake for different fractal orders. In this study, the band structure and directional characteristics of the hexagonal lattice with Koch snowflake are investigated.
